Beyond Random Mutations and Natural Selection: The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis
The traditional view of evolution, often called the Modern Synthesis, focuses primarily on random mutations and natural selection as the driving forces of change. While this framework has been successful in explaining aspects of life's diversity, it has also shown limitations in accounting for certain phenomena. The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) offers a broader perspective, incorporating additional mechanisms and factors that contribute to evolutionary change. Here's a look at how the EES moves beyond the traditional model: 1. Inclusive Inheritance: The EES challenges the gene-centric view of inheritance by recognizing that inheritance extends beyond DNA sequences. It acknowledges the role of epigenetic modifications, parental effects, ecological legacies, and cultural transmission in shaping traits and evolutionary trajectories. For instance: Epigenetics: Chemical modifications to DNA or associated proteins can alter gene expression patterns and be passe